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By Dr. med. vet. Hadri Latif, DVM, MSi and Team Editor: Anti Rismayanti, SEAOHUN Regional Program Manager   Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to pose a grave threat to global health, undermining decades of progress in the treatment of infectious diseases and threatening food security, public safety, and economic stability. In Southeast Asia, where densely populated regions coexist with expansive animal farming operations, the challenge becomes even more acute. Indonesia, as a leading poultry producer, is particularly vulnerable. To respond proactively, the project “Genomic National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance on Broilers Poultry Sector in Indonesia” was implemented under the SEAOHUN OHRT Awards Program. Led by Dr. Hadri Latif and his team at IPB University in close collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, the project delivered the country’s first comprehensive genomic analysis of Escherichia coli from broiler chickens—specifically those producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL-Ec), a major contributor to multidrug resistance (MDR). Through this initiative, Indonesia has not only improved its surveillance capacity but also informed key policy dialogues on AMR control, aligning itself with WHO’s Tricycle Surveillance framework. Implementation Experience Over the course of five months, our team carried out a meticulously planned project that spanned sample validation, genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 120 archived ESBL-Ec isolates collected from eight regional Disease Investigation Centers (DICs) in 2023 were processed, and 113 high-quality isolates were analyzed. The project employed advanced techniques such as the MinION Oxford Nanopore sequencing platform and AMRFinderPlus to map the resistance genes across isolates. The results were eye-opening: we detected 1,540 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) distributed among 71 gene types across multiple antibiotic classes. The presence of blaCTX-M-55, aac(3)-IId, lnu(F), and sul2 genes in more than 70% of the isolates raised urgent red flags. These genes were particularly concentrated in isolates from Medan and Denpasar—regions with intensive poultry farming—highlighting their role as potential AMR hotspots. The findings contributed directly to the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) session of Indonesia’s National Action Plan on AMR (NAP-AMR) 2020–2024, held on September 3, 2024, in Jakarta. Our research findings were disseminated to more than 30 representatives from relevant ministries and organizations, reinforcing the integration of science into national AMR strategies. Enhancement of One Health Knowledge and Skills The project offered a powerful platform for skill enhancement and cross-sector learning. For researchers and students from IPB University, the project became a real-world laboratory for applying theoretical knowledge of One Health to practical challenges. They honed competencies in pathogen genomics, bioinformatics using Linux systems, and data analysis—skills increasingly essential in today’s health surveillance landscape. Beyond technical skills, the project strengthened soft skills such as teamwork, scientific communication, and stakeholder engagement. The team’s interaction with ministry officials during dissemination events enabled them to refine their ability to translate scientific data into actionable recommendations, a crucial skill for any One Health practitioner. For the government partners, the experience deepened their capacity to interpret genomic data in surveillance and informed their policy development processes. The collaboration between academia and government institutions fostered a mutual understanding that One Health success relies on equal participation and open communication between all sectors. Improving One Health Education and Practice As a faculty member at IPB University, Dr. Latif and his colleagues have already begun to integrate the findings from this project into their academic programming. The resistance gene profiles, sequencing workflows, and real-time bioinformatics applications are now used as practical case studies in epidemiology and molecular microbiology courses. Future veterinary professionals are being trained to think beyond phenotypic data and consider genetic markers of resistance—preparing them to respond proactively to zoonotic threats. At the governmental level, the Ministry of Agriculture is using the project’s findings to inform its policy proposals for the next phase of the NAP-AMR (2025–2029). In particular, the surveillance data supports the recommendation to include genomic-based AMR indicators in the upcoming RPJMN (National Medium-Term Development Plan), advancing AMR policy planning at the national scale. Anticipated Impact on Target Groups Looking forward, this project is expected to yield long-term benefits for multiple sectors. The poultry industry stands to gain from the identification of ARG hotspots, allowing producers to modify antibiotic usage, enhance biosecurity, and adopt better veterinary practices. Veterinarians will be able to rely on genomic evidence when making treatment decisions, reducing empirical use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. For researchers and policymakers, this surveillance framework offers a scalable model that can be replicated across livestock sectors or even in aquatic farming. Educational institutions can continue to use project data and methodologies in student training, thereby cultivating a new generation of One Health professionals equipped to lead in surveillance, diagnostics, and advocacy. Contributing to the Advancement of One Health By adopting a multisectoral and interdisciplinary approach, this project serves as a living example of the One Health paradigm in action. It tackled AMR by linking animal health, environmental surveillance, and human health outcomes. The collaborative structure—combining scientific research, government policy, and education—paved the way for more holistic and sustainable AMR control strategies in Indonesia. Moreover, the alignment with international frameworks such as WHO’s Global Tricycle Surveillance and FAO’s AMR monitoring guidelines demonstrates Indonesia’s growing leadership in regional One Health implementation. Through open-access data, published findings, and policy briefs, the project offers a valuable contribution not only to the Indonesian AMR narrative but also to global health security. Insights and Lessons Learned The implementation of this genomic surveillance project revealed several compelling insights that may guide future One Health initiatives. Firstly, the diversity of resistance patterns across regions underscored the importance of localized surveillance. Despite focusing on a single species—broiler chickens—and a consistent production context, the resistance gene profiles varied dramatically. Some regions exhibited dominance of blaCTX-M variants, while others had high levels of aminoglycoside or sulfonamide resistance genes. This finding debunks the myth of homogeneity in resistance trends and reinforces the necessity for region-specific interventions and tailored policy responses. Secondly, it became abundantly clear that scientific data drives effective policy. The genomic findings were not confined to academic discussions—they were brought into high-level government panels, cited in national reporting documents, and considered in future strategic planning. Policymakers responded positively when presented with concrete evidence of regional AMR burdens. This underlines the critical role of data translation: research becomes impactful only when it is packaged in a way that supports decision-making. Finally, the project illuminated the vital importance of capacity building in ensuring sustainability. From laboratory technicians to government veterinarians and student researchers, all actors benefited from training and mentorship embedded in the project. The use of complex tools like AMRFinderPlus, Linux bioinformatics pipelines, and Qubit DNA quantification was new to many participants. Yet with guided practice and collaborative learning, the team overcame technical barriers and became proficient. This growth in national technical capacity sets a strong foundation for Indonesia’s long-term AMR surveillance goals. Conclusion This project has not only expanded Indonesia’s AMR evidence base but has also transformed the way we engage with antimicrobial resistance. It demonstrated that genomic data can inform policy, drive education, and catalyze cross-sectoral collaboration. Supported by SEAOHUN and USDA, the initiative serves as a replicable model for integrated One Health programming across the region. By investing in scientific rigor, local relevance, and institutional capacity, Indonesia is showing that genomic surveillance can be more than a research output—it can be a national health strategy. Team Leader: Dr. med. vet. Hadri Latif, DVM, MSi, Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University Team Members: Imron Suandy, DVM, MVPH – Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture Dr. Puji Rahayu, DVM – Quality Control Laboratory and Certification of Livestock Products, Ministry of Agriculture Dr. Chaerul Basri, DVM, M.Epid. – IPB University Nofita Nurbiyanti, BVM – IPB University

By Dr. Muh Fauzi and Team Editor: Anti Rismayanti, SEAOHUN Regional Program Manager As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to rise globally, community-centered and cross-sectoral interventions have become increasingly essential. Under the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program, our team at Universitas Diponegoro implemented a comprehensive project titled “Handling the Threat of Formalin-Borate Bacterial Resistance in Processed Food Products: One Health Approach and Empowering Women as MSMEs.” This initiative targeted a critical but often underreported threat—unsanctioned use of formalin and borax in processed foods—and its potential impact on AMR. The project aimed not only to study the scientific aspects of contamination and resistance but also to elevate the role of women in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as agents of change. Through community empowerment, evidence-based research, and robust stakeholder collaboration, the project created tangible pathways toward safer food systems and more resilient One Health responses. Implementing a Holistic One Health Strategy Our approach was rooted in the core principles of One Health—integrating human, animal, and environmental health. The project unfolded in several phases: 1. Field Survey and Laboratory Analysis: We began by collecting 49 samples of processed animal products from 16 traditional markets across Semarang City. These included common street foods such as otak-otak, meatballs, dim sum, galantin, and siomay—many of which lacked formal distribution permits. The laboratory analysis revealed that nearly all samples were contaminated with pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, 10 samples tested positive for formalin. Interestingly, while formalin and borax are not classified as antibiotics, their toxic properties against bacteria necessitate separate toxicity testing rather than standard AMR assays. The study shifted toward understanding how these chemicals, when misused, contribute to broader public health concerns, including misdiagnosis, delayed treatment, and community exposure to contaminated food. 2. Stakeholder Engagement and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs): A two-day FGD was held at Khas Semarang Hotel, gathering 21 representatives per day from government agencies (Health, Agriculture, Trade, Cooperatives, and MSMEs), BBPOM, academic institutions, and local media. Participants committed to clearer delineation of roles in AMR control and food safety monitoring. The FGD concluded with the signing of an integrity pact, formalizing cross-sectoral collaboration and commitment to support AMR surveillance and food safety capacity building in Semarang. Training and Capacity Building for Women in MSMEs The heart of our intervention was empowering women entrepreneurs. On November 22–23, 2024, we conducted a workshop at MG Setos Hotel, with 35 MSME participants. The training focused on: Understanding AMR and its health implications Natural, non-antibiotic food preservation methods Good hygiene and production practices Business development and marketing strategies Participants received the Smart Book to Use Antibiotics Wisely, alongside notebooks and other training materials. Post-training tests revealed a 30.9% improvement in participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to food safety and AMR. This measurable outcome demonstrates the power of targeted, gender-sensitive education in transforming health behaviors and business operations simultaneously. Impact on Academic Practice and Public Health Policy From an academic standpoint, the project has enriched our curriculum at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro. Students now engage with real-world case studies that bridge microbiological research, behavioral science, and community health. The policy brief produced after the FGD has also served as a strategic tool for influencing local government programs on AMR and food safety. For the Semarang City Health Department and other stakeholders, this project illuminated the urgent need for integrating AMR considerations into their existing frameworks. Our advocacy led to the inclusion of AMR monitoring in the city’s food safety programs and facilitated stronger cooperation between agencies. Forward-Looking: Building Sustainable Systems The success of this project has laid the groundwork for a series of broader, long-term initiatives aimed at ensuring lasting impact and sustainability. One such initiative is Sinergi Pangan Lokal, a collaborative program designed to bridge the gap between MSMEs and sources of organic, fresh, and pesticide-free raw materials. By ensuring that women-led enterprises have affordable and consistent access to high-quality inputs, the program supports both safe food production and local agricultural economies. Another promising endeavor is Investasi Hijau di Rumah, which promotes sustainable practices at the household level. This initiative encourages small-scale organic farming, composting, and home gardening as a means of reducing environmental impact while enhancing food self-sufficiency. Through community-based activities and digital support materials, the program empowers families—especially women—to become stewards of their own food systems. To further increase the competitiveness and safety of MSME products, Upgrade Teknologi Produksi aims to provide modern equipment and training for efficient food processing. This intervention not only helps standardize product quality but also raises safety standards, reducing contamination risks and improving consumer trust. Complementing these production-side efforts is Kampanye Makan Aman, a targeted public education campaign focused on increasing awareness of food safety and healthy consumption habits. Through workshops, digital storytelling, and media engagement, the campaign fosters informed decision-making among consumers, encouraging them to support safer and more responsible food producers. Finally, HAKI dan Legalitas Berdaya provides crucial support for MSMEs in navigating intellectual property registration and legal compliance. This initiative enhances the legitimacy and market reach of MSME products, ensuring that their innovations are protected and their operations are aligned with national regulatory standards. Collectively, these forward-looking strategies represent a significant shift from short-term interventions to systemic transformation. They reflect a deepening commitment to One Health principles, integrating public health, environmental sustainability, and socio-economic empowerment into a cohesive framework for community resilience. Insights and Lessons Learned One of the first lessons we learned was the importance of adaptability. At the project's outset, we hypothesized that borax and formalin might directly contribute to antimicrobial resistance. However, laboratory analyses revealed that these chemical preservatives, while harmful, were not appropriate for AMR testing as they are not antibiotics. This realization prompted a critical shift in our research focus—from trying to establish a direct scientific link, to highlighting the broader public health risks of toxic preservatives. Flexibility in our methods and objectives allowed us to stay responsive to emerging findings and maintain the integrity of our results. Another powerful discovery was the level of enthusiasm and commitment from stakeholders. We initially worried that government agencies and sectoral partners—often burdened with competing priorities—might see this project as just another demand on their limited time and resources. Instead, the opposite occurred. All invited stakeholders not only participated in our Focus Group Discussions but also voiced strong support for cross-sectoral collaboration and signed a joint integrity pact. Their engagement reaffirmed the value of inclusivity and consultation, and demonstrated that when given the opportunity, local institutions are eager to lead transformative change. Perhaps the most rewarding insight came from witnessing the empowerment of MSME participants. The women we trained not only absorbed new technical knowledge and business skills, but also gained confidence and a renewed sense of purpose. Several participants began sharing their insights with peers, mentoring others in their communities, and making tangible improvements in their food processing practices. This ripple effect illustrates a fundamental truth: empowering women in community-based enterprises doesn't just change individual lives—it transforms networks, catalyzes local innovation, and amplifies the reach and impact of public health interventions. In essence, this project has shown us that the combination of scientific inquiry, community engagement, and policy advocacy—anchored in a One Health approach—can lead to meaningful, scalable, and sustainable solutions for AMR and beyond. Conclusion This project under the SEAOHUN OHRT Awards Program illustrates how research, education, and empowerment can converge to tackle AMR through a holistic lens. It reaffirms the essential role of community actors—particularly women—in spearheading public health innovation. As we continue expanding this model in other regions, we believe it sets a valuable precedent for inclusive, evidence-based, and sustainable One Health programming. Team Leader: Dr. Muh Fauzi – Public Health Genomics Lab & Lecturer, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro Team Members: Dr. Nuryanto, SGz, M.Kes – Nutritionist and Antibiotic Resistance Analyst, Faculty of Medicine Dr. Ir. Martini, M.Kes – Head of Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Diseases, Risk Factor Analysis Dr. Dra. Susiana Purwantisari, M.Sc – Phytopathologist, Department of Biology Siti Rahayu, SKM – Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Data Analyst

By Soputhy Chansovannara and Team   Editor: Anti Rismayanti, SEAOHUN Regional Program Manager   Antibiotic misuse is a pervasive issue in Cambodia, where antibiotics are frequently obtained without prescriptions and administered without professional consultation. In rural areas like Kampong Cham province, this problem spans across both human and animal health sectors. Antibiotics are not only used to treat infections but are also misapplied in animal production—for disease prevention, treatment, and growth promotion. Against this backdrop, our team embarked on a transformative research journey under the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program. As early-career researchers, we aimed to better understand the accessibility and utilization of antibiotics among drug suppliers and consumers, both in human and veterinary medicine. Ultimately, we sought to translate our findings into practical, community-based behavior change interventions. Implementation Experience Our field experience was a deeply enriching and hands-on application of the One Health concept. What began as a straightforward proposal evolved into a complex, dynamic process that required much more than scientific inquiry. We learned that meaningful research in One Health demands community collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and adaptability to local contexts. We employed participatory epidemiology tools, including focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and observational methods. Although we initially underestimated the logistical and interpersonal demands, our challenges—such as coordinating with provincial authorities and community leaders—became invaluable learning opportunities. These experiences sharpened our skills in communication, scheduling, and problem-solving. Qualitative data collection proved to be one of the most crucial stages. As researchers, we had to become the instruments of data capture, listening deeply and interpreting subtle cues. Analyzing the data demanded critical thinking and collaboration; our diverse backgrounds became an asset during team discussions, allowing us to cross-check assumptions and generate richer interpretations. Designing our communication materials—posters and leaflets—was another eye-opener. We realized that impactful visual communication could greatly enhance community engagement. Despite initial setbacks, with the guidance of senior team members, we developed materials that resonated with local audiences. Perhaps the most memorable moment was the dissemination of our findings back to the community. We worked hand-in-hand with local authorities to organize culturally appropriate, inclusive events. This experience grounded our research in real-world impact and gave voice to the community’s needs and priorities. Enhancing One Health Knowledge and Skills This project significantly boosted our team’s practical knowledge and interdisciplinary competencies. Applying the lessons from the “Participatory Epidemiology in One Health” training hosted by CAMBOHUN and SEAOHUN, we experienced firsthand the importance of integrating theoretical concepts into real-world challenges. Working in a team of both human and animal health professionals allowed us to appreciate multiple perspectives and problem-solving approaches. Open communication and mutual respect were cornerstones of our success, enabling us to co-create solutions that neither discipline could achieve alone. Improving One Health Education and Practice For faculty members, this research offers a model for bridging classroom learning with field realities. The project’s experiences and results now serve as case studies that enhance One Health curricula, reinforcing the relevance of field-based research in shaping positive behavior change. For students, this project has been a gateway to applying academic knowledge in real-life contexts. It has strengthened their motivation to pursue research and broadened their understanding of One Health principles. Meanwhile, for professionals in government ministries and agencies, the project has facilitated cross-sectoral collaboration. Working together across departments has improved coordination and demonstrated how integrated research can support policy development and better health outcomes. Anticipated Impact on Target Groups The ripple effects of this project are expected to benefit multiple stakeholders. In local communities, our engagement efforts have sparked dialogue around antibiotic practices, laying the groundwork for ongoing health promotion activities. We hope the communication materials and platforms we developed will continue to be used to address not only antibiotic use but broader One Health topics. Among students and young researchers, the project serves as inspiration for pursuing careers in One Health research and innovation. At the institutional level, this initiative has built momentum for further collaborative projects and funding opportunities, strengthening research capacity across the region. Contributing to the Advancement of One Health Our work represents a meaningful contribution to building research capacity among early-career professionals in Cambodia. The integration of academic research with practical, community-based interventions has shown the value of an interdisciplinary, systems-thinking approach. By considering human, animal, and environmental health as interconnected, we’ve helped shape a more effective, inclusive One Health strategy for the future. Insights and Lessons Learned Throughout the project, several key lessons emerged. First, interdisciplinary collaboration is vital for meaningful research. Engaging diverse stakeholders—from universities to local communities—fostered a shared understanding and enriched our research process. Second, community engagement is not optional; it is essential. Involving provincial health departments, animal health officers, and village leaders led to higher acceptance and sustainability of our initiatives. Third, flexibility is crucial. Unexpected logistical hurdles and changing community schedules required us to stay agile and maintain momentum through backup plans and continuous team coordination. Finally, investing in student capacity proved to be one of our most sustainable strategies. Empowering university students through hands-on experience ensures the continuity of One Health initiatives beyond the lifespan of individual projects. Conclusion The SEAOHUN OHRT Awards Program has been instrumental in enhancing our academic, professional, and personal growth. It deepened our understanding of the complex interactions between humans, animals, and the environment—and showed us the transformative power of collaboration, adaptability, and empathy. Our efforts in Kampong Cham have established a strong foundation for promoting responsible antibiotic use and advancing the One Health approach in Cambodia. As we continue this journey, we are committed to fostering sustainable change and inspiring future generations of One Health leaders. Project Leader: Mr. Sophuty Chansovannara, National Institute of Public Health  Team Members: Mr. Khun Sokkheng, Kampong Cham National Institute of Agriculture. Ms. Lay Sokreaksa, National Institute of Public Health. Mr. Phan Channarong, National Institute of Public Health Assistant Prof. Chau Darapheak, MD., MPH., PhD., Head of Laboratory Bureau at the National Institute of Public Health

By Dr. Nguyen Thanh Gia and Team Editor: Anti Rismayanti, SEAOHUN Regional Program Manager Under the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program, our team embarked on a transformative project aimed at addressing Whitmore disease in the flood-prone district of Thua Thien Hue province, central Vietnam. Whitmore disease (Melioidosis), caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is prevalent in areas frequently affected by flooding, presenting significant public health challenges due to its high fatality rate and lack of vaccine. Vietnam's central region, characterized by heavy seasonal rains and agricultural-based livelihoods, presents unique challenges in disease prevention and control, especially for under-recognized diseases like Whitmore. Implementation Experience The project was implemented through a structured approach comprising three main activities: a baseline survey, a brief intervention, and a post-intervention evaluation. We began by developing and validating survey tools, then conducted data collection involving 300 participants in rural flood-prone areas. These surveys measured knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to Whitmore disease. Following the baseline assessment, we designed an intervention based on the social-ecological model. This included training local health workers and volunteers, distributing educational posters and leaflets, hosting community meetings, and facilitating discussions on prevention strategies. We collaborated closely with community health centers, local authorities, and academic institutions to ensure relevance and reach. Enhancement of One Health Knowledge and Skills The project significantly enriched our team's One Health competencies, both technically and socially. We developed expertise in epidemiological survey methods, intervention planning, and comprehensive data analysis. Furthermore, essential soft skills like stakeholder engagement, effective communication, and teamwork were reinforced through active community participation and interaction with local health professionals. For example, our team enhanced its capacity in designing and executing intervention studies and managing large-scale community health surveys. Team members reported improved abilities in translating complex health information into locally comprehensible content, an essential skill for any successful One Health practitioner working at the community level. Impact on One Health Education and Practice The outcomes of this initiative have far-reaching implications for education and public health practice. Faculty members at OHUN member universities will leverage insights from our project to refine curricula, emphasizing practical applications of One Health principles, especially regarding infectious disease prevention strategies like those for Whitmore. For instance, course modules will now include case studies based on our intervention process and findings. Health professionals in governmental agencies can integrate our project's findings into policy-making and enhance their public health strategies to better manage infectious diseases through improved community health education approaches. Already, our collaboration with local health centers has influenced their routine health messaging and community engagement strategies. Anticipated Impact on Target Groups Looking forward, our project is expected to foster increased awareness and adoption of preventive practices against Whitmore disease among the local communities. Initial post-intervention results demonstrated a marked improvement, with the awareness of Whitmore as a dangerous disease rising from 21.3% at baseline to 64.3% after intervention. Knowledge of disease transmission routes and prevention practices also significantly increased. Participants reported better understanding of the importance of hygiene, such as washing hands after exposure to soil or flood water, using protective equipment like gloves and boots, and avoiding wading through floodwaters with open wounds. There was also a noted increase in healthcare-seeking behavior, with more individuals stating they would visit a health facility if they experienced relevant symptoms. Contribution to the Advancement of One Health Our initiative significantly contributes to the advancement of One Health in Vietnam by demonstrating the effectiveness of integrated health education programs employing social-ecological intervention models. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, community engagement, and culturally relevant educational materials in addressing complex health challenges within vulnerable communities. The project reinforces the relevance of One Health in non-epidemic, everyday health settings—particularly in underserved and high-risk areas. It also illustrates how simple, cost-effective measures like community education and stakeholder mobilization can yield significant public health improvements. Insights and Lessons Learned Key lessons from the project underline the importance of robust stakeholder engagement, precise planning, and culturally sensitive education. We found that working collaboratively with local health professionals and clearly communicating project objectives were crucial in ensuring community buy-in and sustainability of outcomes. Training local health workers and volunteers also proved essential in overcoming challenges like limited pre-existing disease awareness. Another critical insight was the effectiveness of combining multiple communication channels—from face-to-face discussions to visual posters and leaflets—to cater to different literacy levels. Moreover, involving trusted community figures like local leaders and health workers enhanced the credibility of our messages. Conclusion The SEAOHUN OHRT Awards Program provided a significant platform for practical application of One Health principles, improving public health education and disease prevention efforts against Whitmore in rural, flood-prone areas. Our experience offers valuable insights into addressing similar health challenges through interdisciplinary collaboration and robust community involvement, setting a precedent for future health initiatives across Vietnam. We believe that by sharing these findings and approaches, our project can inspire similar initiatives in other One Health networks and countries facing the burden of neglected infectious diseases. Project Team Leader: Dr. Nguyen Thanh Gia, PhD, Lecturer, Department of Nutrition-Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Team Members: Dr. Dang Thi Anh Thu, MD, PhD, Dean, Faculty of Public Health. Dr. Le Dinh Duong, PhD, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology. Dr. Le Thi Bao Chi, MD, PhD, Head, Department of Medical Microbiology. Network/Country: VOHUN – Vietnam University: Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue City, Vietnam

By Lusha Ayu Astari, MPH and Team   Editor: Anti Rismayanti, SEAOHUN Regional Program Manager   Taking part in the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program has provided an eye-opening experience for our team. Our project aimed at enhancing Bantul District’s response to leptospirosis, a recurring zoonotic disease impacting human, animal, and environmental health. By understanding the dynamics of government sector collaboration, we aimed to address the real-world challenges in operationalizing the One Health approach.  Implementation Experience  Our journey began with outreach to district agencies, initiating essential conversations and building cross-sectoral support. Early dialogues allowed us to map critical stakeholders, their roles, and their willingness for collaborative efforts. Subsequently, we conducted stakeholder mapping, policy reviews, and an insightful online survey targeting various sectors—public health, animal health, environmental management, and disaster response. This survey was more than data collection; it fostered reflection on interconnected roles within the One Health framework.  One key achievement was developing the Stakeholder Influence–Interest Matrix. It revealed the nuanced dynamics between sectors, notably highlighting the proactive engagement of the Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), despite its limited formal authority compared to the influential District Health Office (DHO) and Animal Health Office (DAHO). This insight underscored the importance of enthusiasm and willingness beyond hierarchical structures.  Figure 1. The matrix shows DAHO and DHO as influential and engaged. BPBD showed high interest but had limited decision-making power. DLH and BPPD scored lower on both fronts. Enhancement of One Health Knowledge and Skills The project's execution significantly strengthened our team’s knowledge and skills across the One Health spectrum. Team members acquired enhanced competencies in zoonotic disease management, stakeholder engagement, policy analysis, and communication across sectors. Additionally, soft skills in negotiation, adaptation to different organizational cultures, and navigating complex political scenarios were notably developed. The interactive and collaborative nature of the workshops—combining government officials and community voices—enabled meaningful exchanges and practical understanding of integrated health approaches. These experiences have proven indispensable in grasping the realities of cross-sector collaboration, particularly under uncertain political climates and structural transitions. Figure 2. Multisectoral coordination in action and public campaigns media Source: Radar Jogja    Improving One Health Education and Practice For faculty members involved in our team, the insights and practical knowledge gained have begun shaping curricula and teaching strategies at Universitas Gadjah Mada. Real-world experiences from this project serve as vivid case studies in classrooms, providing students a realistic view of how One Health is operationalized beyond theoretical frameworks. For health professionals within district agencies, these experiences deepen their appreciation of cross-sectoral collaboration, reinforcing their roles as champions of integrated zoonotic disease management. Institutionalizing collaborative practices into regular operations, including joint surveillance, resource-sharing, and unified communication strategies, represents tangible progress toward sustainable One Health implementation. Anticipated Impact on Target Groups Looking forward, we anticipate significant positive impacts on both community and institutional levels. Short-term goals include heightened awareness and improved local responsiveness to leptospirosis outbreaks, driven by integrated planning and coordinated multisectoral actions. Over the next six months, ongoing advocacy and dissemination of project findings aim to reinforce institutional commitments, particularly under the newly established district administration. We envision strengthened capacities in district health systems, broader community empowerment through education and preventive behaviors, and potential partnerships with private sectors to support rodent control and sustainable practices. Contributing to the Advancement of One Health This project significantly contributes to Indonesia's One Health advancement by establishing a clear, replicable model of interdisciplinary collaboration and integrated disease management at the district level. By embedding structured coordination mechanisms into local governance, Bantul District becomes a reference point for other regions confronting similar zoonotic challenges. The conceptual framework and operational model developed during the project align seamlessly with national policies, offering an adaptable blueprint that reinforces national preparedness and response capabilities. Insights and Lessons Learned Several critical insights emerged from our experience: Local context matters: One Health approaches must always account for specific local realities; what works in one setting may not apply universally. Relationships are foundational: Effective collaboration depends less on hierarchical authority and more on building trust and shared goals. Patience and flexibility: Political transitions and administrative complexities can slow processes, highlighting the need for patience and adaptive strategies. Conclusion The SEAOHUN OHRT Awards Program experience underscored the essence of One Health—not merely as a conceptual guideline but as a lived, dynamic practice centered on collaboration, trust, and sustained engagement. While challenges remain, our project’s impacts in Bantul District provide a hopeful pathway for robust multisectoral responses, ensuring healthier communities and resilient health systems. Project Leader: Lusha Ayu Astari, MPH, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FMHPN-UGM)  Team Members: Haniena Diva, BPH, MPH., Epidemiologist, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) Antwerp & CIPDM, data analyst  Novra A. Sandi, DVM, MPH., Researcher, CIPDM, One Health consultant  Indra Dwi Octa Yuwanto, BPH., Health Promotion Officer, Jetis 1 Primary Health Care, field officer

A new chapter in One Health education was written on April 30, 2025, at the National University – MOA, where public health leaders, academics, and advocates gathered to celebrate the launch of the Philippines' LAWA Model Guidebook—a milestone that bridges science, community, and sustainability.   This achievement was made possible through funding support from Chevron, in collaboration with the Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN), Tropical Disease Research Center (TDRC)–Khon Kaen University, National University (Philippines), Polytechnic University of the Philippines, New Era University, and the Philippine One Health University Network (PhilOHUN).   LAWA—short for Leptospirosis Awareness Warning and Action—is more than a public health model; it’s a community-led movement grounded in the One Health framework, which emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. Originally developed in Thailand by TDRC-KKU, the LAWA model addresses pressing waterborne and zoonotic diseases such as liver fluke infection and leptospirosis through a localized, practical approach. With Chevron’s generous support and SEAOHUN’s regional coordination, the LAWA PH team adapted the guidebook to the Filipino context—demonstrating how international partnerships can create tangible local impact. “The launch of the LAWA Guidebook reflects our shared vision of building healthier communities through education, research, and multisectoral collaboration,” said Dr. Tongkorn Meeyam , Executive Director of SEAOHUN.   The launch was enriched by messages from institutional partners and advocates, including representatives from National University, the Polytechnic University of the Philippines, and New Era University. Their remarks underscored academia’s essential role in strengthening community resilience and public health capacity.   A highlight of the event was the keynote address by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, co-founder of the LAWA Model from Khon Kaen University , who recounted the model’s success in Thailand and emphasized the importance of government engagement, strong communication strategies, and long-term vision in sustainably eliminating liver fluke disease.   The Philippine adaptation of the LAWA guidebook was formally introduced by Ms. Khristine L. Sandoval of National University, who shared insights from her participation in the LAWA Model Online Course delivered by TDRC-KKU in 2023. Together with her team—Mr. Ryan V. Labana (PUP), Ms. Kristel Joy S. Cada (NEU), Mr. Jose Marie T. Taller, Mr. Rodel Victor D. Dimasin, and Ms. Diosa Marie M. Marundan —she presented the guidebook and explored its potential to enhance One Health education across the country.   From policy alignment to grassroots implementation, the LAWA Guidebook stands out as a practical and scalable tool for addressing zoonotic health threats in Southeast Asia. The event culminated in a roundtable discussion and forum on “The Future of One Health,” featuring thought leaders such as Dr. Melbourne Talactac (Cavite State University), Dr. Neil Tanquilut (Pampanga State Agricultural University), and Dr. Michael Tee (UP Manila). The panelists called for greater academic leadership and innovation to shape a future-ready public health workforce. As the event closed, a sense of momentum filled the room. The LAWA Guidebook is more than a publication—it’s a symbol of collective action, co-creation, and a shared future where One Health education equips communities to face emerging challenges with confidence.

Empowering Youth with Knowledge on the One Health Approach On 2nd May 2025, the Foundation Day of the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), India’s first ever Summer One Health School Program, has been launched to foster youth leadership in One Health. This first-of-its-kind initiative is a joint effort by the One Health Network of India (OHNI) & the Centre for One Health, Education, Research, and Development (COHERD) at the IIPHG, with unwavering support from Chevron and Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN). The program was launched in the esteemed presence of Chief Guest, Shri S. J. Haider, IAS, Additional Chief Secretary, Energy and Petrochemicals Department, Government of Gujarat, and Prof (Dr) Sanjay Zodpey, President Public Health Foundation of India, who appreciated the institute’s efforts in promoting transdisciplinary learning and empowering future public health leaders. This innovative program aims to promote awareness of the One Health approach, which recognises the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. Through this initiative, 50 students from 10 academic institutions across human health, veterinary science, agriculture, and environmental science sectors will be trained as One Health Ambassadors. These ambassadors are expected to share their knowledge and promote One Health awareness among peers within their institutions and communities, potentially reaching up to 2,500 individuals. “With this unique program, we aim to build the future generation of One Health deeply rooted in the school and university education across the disciplines”, said Dr. Sandul Yasobant, Program Lead and Assistant Professor at IIPHG. The Director of IIPHG envisioned, “Congratulations to the entire team behind the Summer One Health School Program. This initiative will not only strengthen One Health education in India but also inspire young minds to work together for a healthier future.” This unique program is designed to help students understand the principles and significance of the One Health approach, foster a national network of youth leaders from different sectors, and prepare them with the essential skills and knowledge needed to respond to future health challenges.

The ongoing “Promotion of Well-being in Schools in Southeast Asia” project continues to highlight the innovative and meaningful actions of schools to integrate Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and One Health principles across the region. As the implementation phase of the project reached a 3-month, half-way point, a special online sharing session was organised so that the seven award-winning schools could report on their achievements to date and reflect on the lessons learned and challenges faced. A total 52 participants, including school principals, teachers, and government officials from Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Cambodia, attended the session which took place on March 27, 2025. Brunei Darussalam: Fostering Resilience Through Health and Hygiene Despite an unforeseen need to relocate due to a termite infestation, SR Pehin Dato Jamil/SR PG Anak Puteri Besa, represented by Headmistress Ms. Suhaila binti Salleh, still managed to push forward the implementation of their proposed activities. Since November 2024, the school has conducted surveys and held sharing sessions with parents, introduced healthier meal options with an emphasis on fruits and vegetables, and replaced disposable packaging with reusable food trays. In parallel, efforts have been made to improve hygiene with a focus on proper food handling, sanitisation of cooking and dining areas, and the display of health promotion materials. These initiatives have led to notable behavioral changes, including students bringing and sharing fruits during the lunch break and addressing nutritional disparities for those with limited access to fresh food at home. Cambodia: Community-Led Sustainability at Smet Primary School Smet Primary School, represented by parent Ms. Tina Chum, has focused on instilling sustainable habits among students and improving the school environment. The school has introduced reusable food containers, vegetable-growing lessons, and provided a healthy breakfast buffet to promote mindful eating and reduce waste. At the same time, the school has successfully engaged parents and the local community in efforts to enhance waste segregation, upgrade food storage systems, and adapt the school garden to climate impacts by improving its roof and water systems. These initiatives have led to measurable improvements in hygiene, reduced food and plastic waste, and increased community trust in the school’s long-term vision. Indonesia: Integrating Nutrition, Innovation, and Local Partnerships At SD Negeri 2 Landasan Ulin Barat, Headmistress Ms. Inggid Megasari spearheads a multi-faceted approach to well-being centered on nutrition education and sustainable food practices. The school has implemented a balanced nutrition education campaign targeting students and parents, established a healthy food menu app, and founded a herbalist club to promote understanding of local medicinal plants. In addition, the school has improved its canteen services by offering affordable, nutritious meals and partnered with local farmers to ensure sustainable sourcing. These interventions have increased awareness and consumption of fruits and vegetables, encouraged student participation, and generated strong support from families. Malaysia: Embedding Sustainability in Everyday School Life Sekolah Bimbingan Jalinan Kasih, under the guidance of Project Coordinator Ms. Syazatul Natrah, has adopted a structured and data-informed approach to instill sustainable habits among students. Over the past 3 months the school has conducted a pre-assessment of student behaviors, introduced reusable containers and trays to reduce waste, and utilised the “Schoolpay app” to conduct daily lunch monitoring. These measures have contributed to a deeper understanding of healthy habits within the school community and reinforced a culture of environmental consciousness. Furthermore, engagement with local government and community partners has broadened the initiative’s reach, supporting a collaborative effort toward long-term change.     Philippines: Building Healthy Habits through “Project SMILE” At Patiis Elementary School, led by School Principal Ms. Florian L. Guanio, the school community has embraced well-being through the launch of “Project SMILE.” During the first cycle of project implementation, the school has successfully formed a technical working group, conducted pre-assessments of student health, and implemented initiatives such as providing balanced breakfasts, promoting hygiene routines, and encouraging fruit and vegetable consumption. A school garden and composting system supports access to fresh food while reinforcing sustainability. Additionally, SEP and One Health concepts have been introduced into the curriculum. These combined efforts have led to a noticeable improvement in student attendance, strengthened social connections, and enhanced engagement between the school and its wider community.   Thailand: Cultivating Community-Based Nutrition at Ban Pangmahan School Ban Pangmahan School, under the leadership of Mr. Danaiwat Manee, has demonstrated a strong commitment to well-being through a range of collaborative and student-centered initiatives. The school has partnered with community stakeholders to implement nutrition education, establishing informative signage and activity stations, and organising a health-focused school camp to promote safe and nutritious eating environments. The introduction of a nursery plant house and greenhouse has bolstered the school lunch programme, while waste management and composting systems have strengthened the school’s focus on sustainability. These actions have significantly enhanced both the quality of nutrition education and the level of community participation.     Thailand: Promoting Health Education and Sustainability at Aroyama Border Patrol Police School Led by Pol.Lt .Col. Dechavat Vongvai, Aroyama Border Patrol Police School has taken a holistic approach to student well-being through a combination of health education, sustainability, and community collaboration. The school has organised trainings on topics such as parasite prevention and safe drinking water, supported by local health and irrigation departments. Drawing on Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) and One Health principles, the school has integrated the concepts of self-reliance, environmental stewardship, and public health into everyday learning. These initiatives have not only increased awareness of health and nutrition but also strengthened the capacity of students and staff to implement sustainable practices. The achievements and challenges of the seven schools were acknowledged by the Project Consultant, Dr Jesus C Fernandez, Former Deputy Director of SEAMEO RECFON as well as the project partners including Ms. Duriya Amatavivat, Centre Director of SEAMEO SEPS, Ms. Teechawan Yanudom, Social Investment Advisor, Chevron Eurasia Pacific and Dr. Tongkorn Meeyam, Executive Director of SEAOHUN. Their feedback provided practical suggestions on how to promote sustainability by strengthening the active involvement of students, integrating content into existing curricula across a range of subjects, enhancing community engagement. In addition, technical advice was given on how the schools could track improvements. The mid-term reporting session reflected the schools shared commitment to reimagining education as a platform for health, sustainability, and community resilience . Whether through improved nutrition, sustainable food systems, hygiene practices, or climate-adaptive initiatives, each school was able to demonstrate how the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) and One Health frameworks can be meaningfully integrated into daily school life. The initiatives taken not only enhance students’ physical and emotional well-being but also promote environmental stewardship, strengthen school-community relationships, and build life skills essential for a changing world. As this project moves forward, it is hoped the lessons learned and models developed will continue to inspire and inform broader efforts to create healthier, more inclusive, and sustainable learning environments  across Southeast Asia. This project is the result of a successful collaboration between the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Centre for Sufficiency Economy Philosophy for Sustainability (SEAMEO SEPS), Southeast Asia One Health University Network (SEAOHUN) and Chevron.

In the heart of northeastern Thailand, smallholder farmers rely on cattle and buffalo not only for their livelihoods but also for their community’s resilience. Yet gastrointestinal (GI) parasites silently undermine animal health, economic stability, and public well-being. Through the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program, our team at Suranaree University of Technology set out to bridge science and practice—combining hard data on parasite prevalence with belief-based training grounded in One Health principles. Over five months, we partnered with farmers, local government, and veterinary experts to transform raw sample counts into sustainable on-farm solutions. Project Implementation Journey From May to July 2024, we conducted a comprehensive survey in Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima. Exceeding our initial target of 138, we collected and analyzed 302 fecal samples using the formalin–ether concentration technique. Deworming followed immediately, with eprinomectin, ivermectin, or albendazole administered based on animal age and condition. The results revealed a 70% overall infection rate—65% among cattle, dominated by strongyle-type parasites, and 77% among buffalo, driven by rumen flukes. Integrating Prevalence and Belief While sampling, we administered pre-training questionnaires to measure farmers’ knowledge (ten multiple-choice questions), attitudes (14 GI-parasite statements and ten One Health items on Likert scales), and self-efficacy (five “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” items). Baseline scores averaged just 4.68±1.29 out of 10 on knowledge and 23.1±3.05 out of 50 on One Health attitudes. Armed with both prevalence data and these insights, we developed tailored posters and discussion guides that connected scientific findings to local beliefs. Hands-On Training Day On 9 August 2024, we welcomed 77 participants—including municipal council members, Department of Livestock Development officers, village chiefs, and farmers—to a full-day workshop in Chaimongkol and Nong Raviang. Three keynote experts illustrated parasite lifecycles, vaccine strategies, and nutritional support. Peer-to-peer “talk-show” sessions allowed seasoned farmers to share real-world successes in deworming schedules and pasture management. These community narratives anchored new practices in lived experience. Building One Health Capacity Beyond livestock health, our workshop fostered cross-sector collaboration. Government representatives sketched plans for integrating GI control into 2025 budgets. Field veterinarians and environmental specialists co-designed grazing rotations to disrupt fluke transmission. Undergraduate students honed data-collection and public-speaking skills, while faculty refined One Health teaching modules for future cohorts. Assessing Impact and Outcomes After our full-day workshop, we felt the real outcome lay not only in numbers but in the palpable shift we saw among farmers. Poring over post-training questionnaires, we watched knowledge scores soar from an average of 4.68 to 6.75 out of 10—a leap so pronounced it carried a p-value below 0.001, underscoring those participants had truly grasped parasite lifecycles, diagnostic techniques, and prevention strategies. Equally telling was the evolution in attitudes: scores on our 14-item GI-parasite scale climbed from 31.73 to 34.28 (p < 0.001), signaling those farmers had moved from passive acknowledgment to active concern about parasite impacts on their herds. Even our One Health attitudinal measured initially a modest 23.10 out of 50—edged upward to 23.95 (p = 0.046), reflecting a deeper appreciation that animal health, human well-being, and environmental stewardship are inseparable. Perhaps most gratifying was witnessing self-efficacy blossom: where fewer than one-third of farmers once rated themselves “very confident” in controlling GI parasites, post-training over a third claimed the highest confidence level, and another 37% rose from tentative to assured in their ability to implement preventative practices. Behind these statistics were moments of real transformation. One veteran farmer, after examining his own herd’s 77% rumen-fluke prevalence, told us, “Seeing my buffalo’s numbers made me decide, today, to rotate grazing and build new watering troughs away from stagnant ponds.” Another young participant confided, “I used to dread deworming day, but now I see it as protecting my family’s livelihood.” These testimonials, woven through our survey data, convinced us that blending hard evidence with belief-centred dialogue can shift mindsets as powerfully as it shifts parasite loads. Key Lessons & Good Practices Reflecting on the past five months, three insights stand out. First, grounding our engagement in local data changed everything. When we revealed that 70% of sampled animals were infected—65% of cattle with strongyle-type eggs and 77% of buffalo with rumen flukes—farmers went from polite listeners to determined actors, eager to translate those stark figures into better on-farm practices. Second, flexibility proved indispensable. Midway through our Chaimongkol session, a sudden power outage threatened to derail our presentations. Rather than pause, we moved discussions into the courtyard by flashlight. What might have been a disruption became a spontaneous “story circle,” where farmers shared their own parasite-fighting hacks and voiced long-held frustrations. That hour under lantern light forged bonds reminded us that adaptability can turn crises into catalysts for community solidarity. Finally, early and sustained multi-sector engagement transformed workshop attendees into champions. Inviting Department of Livestock Development officers, municipal council members, and village chiefs onto our panel not only lent technical credibility but also paved the way for policy uptake. When the Chairman of Chai Mongkol Municipal Council stood to pledge GI-control funding for the 2025 fiscal year, it marked a pivotal shift—from pilot project to institutional commitment. These lessons guide our next steps: institutionalizing prevalence-belief training within SUT’s One Health curriculum, formalizing budget requests with Muang District authorities, and scheduling mid-2025 follow-up visits to ensure that transformed mindsets translate into sustained reductions in parasite burdens. By marrying rigorous data with human-centred facilitation and cross-sector collaboration, we believe this model can be replicated—building healthier herds, stronger communities, and a more resilient One Health network across Thailand and beyond. Scaling Forward & Sustainability We are drafting a manuscript to share our findings with the wider scientific community and preparing a formal budget proposal for Muang District’s next fiscal cycle. At SUT, we’ll weave our case study into the One Health curriculum, training the next generation to replicate this model nationwide. Follow-up evaluations are planned for mid-2025 to track long-term trends in parasite prevalence and farmer practices. Conclusion As we draw this chapter to a close, we find ourselves both humbled and energized by what can be achieved when rigorous science meets community wisdom. By turning raw prevalence data into belief-driven action, we not only reduced parasite burdens in hundreds of cattle and buffalo but also strengthened the confidence, knowledge, and collaborative spirit of every farmer, veterinarian, and local leader involved. Our journey in Nakhon Ratchasima has shown that lasting change stems from partnerships: researchers who listen, farmers who lead peer-to-peer learning, and government champions who translate pilot successes into policy. Looking ahead, we are committed to sustaining this momentum—embedding prevalence–belief training in academic curricula, securing municipal funding, and returning to the field to witness how empowered communities continue to safeguard animal health through One Health approaches. Together, we have laid a blueprint for resilience—one that honors both the numbers on our lab reports and the voices around our training tables. May this model inspire future collaborations across Thailand and beyond, as we strive for healthier herds, stronger communities, and a world where people, animals, and the environment thrive in harmony. Project Leader:  Pornphutthachat Sota, DVM, PhD – Principal Investigator, Suranaree University of Technology (SUT) Team Members: Assoc. Prof. Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, PhD – Parasitology & Methodology (Khon Kaen University) Assoc. Prof. Kanchana Nakhapakorn, PhD – Environmental Health (Mahidol University) Asst. Prof. Watcharapol Suyapoh, PhD – Field Parasitology (Prince of Songkla University) Leeyakorn Nonthadi, DVM – Coordination & Field Logistics (Department of Livestock Development) Rujira Nonsa-ard, PhD – Public Health & Community Engagement (Mahasarakham University)

In Malaysia’s rugged hinterlands, remote Negrito communities face a unique health challenge: zoonotic diseases that leap from wildlife to unsuspecting villagers. Recognizing this vulnerability, the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program funded the “Wash and Watch” project, spearheaded by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azlizan Mat Enh of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Spanning July 2024 to January 2025, the initiative aimed not merely to teach hygiene practices but to embed sustainable leadership capacities among Indigenous women transforming traditional knowledge into a frontline defense against zoonotic threats. Project Implementation Journey The project kicked off in July 2024 with ethics approval and the finalization of five training modules. Dr. Azlizan’s team loaded curriculum manuals, hygiene kits, and visual aids carefully translated into the Negrito dialect onto four-wheel drives bound for Kuala Lah village. There, under a makeshift canopy, participants gathered with JAKOA officials and village elders to co-create ground rules for the workshops and nominate 50 local women as potential health champions. Early budget delays meant only 30 Negrito women and eight support participants could be trained initially; persistent dialogue and village visits, however, built momentum and trust. By November, receipt of 60 percent of project funds enabled expansion to Gerik and Lenggong. In each locale, 38 attendees—32 women and six men—spent five intensive days rotating through stations on soap-making with local ingredients, hands-on demonstrations of water filtration techniques, and role-plays of 48-hour disease-reporting drills. When seasonal downpours flooded the training ground, trainees themselves rearranged community halls sweeping floors and repositioning benches to ensure sessions continued uninterrupted. This collective effort fortified both logistical resilience and communal ownership of learning. Enhancing One Health Knowledge and Skills Baseline assessments revealed that fewer than 20 percent of participants could describe a zoonotic transmission pathway. After training, this figure soared above 80 percent, with many women confidently explaining how pathogens in bushmeat or contaminated water led to illnesses like leptospirosis and avian influenza. Pre- and post-test questionnaires showed a 60 percent increase in regular handwashing and a 75 percent adoption rate of safe food-handling steps, including proper cooking temperatures and storage practices. Importantly, 10 women emerged as peer instructors, demonstrating strong facilitation skills in small-group discussions and simulation exercises. Their ability to mentor new cohorts promises to anchor One Health practices long after the project’s close. Advancing One Health Education and Practice For faculty at OHUN member universities, “Wash and Watch” has become a living laboratory for curriculum innovation. By integrating project case studies into toxicology, veterinary, and public health courses, students gain firsthand exposure to the complexities of community-centered interventions. Field practicums now send trainees to Negrito villages to observe peer-led workshops, conduct focus group discussions, and assist with 48-hour reporting drills. This transdisciplinary approach melding anthropology, environmental science, and epidemiology ensures graduates are not only scientifically adept but also culturally sensitive and adept at stakeholder engagement. Anticipated Impact on Target Communities The immediate legacy of “Wash and Watch” is already measurable: within weeks of project completion, the trained surveillance network flagged three suspected zoonotic events, triggering prompt health authority responses that likely averted larger outbreaks. Weekly peer-support circles established by the local instructors keep hygiene stations stocked and refresh risk-communication messages. Neighboring villages have requested their own training cohorts, reflecting the model’s organic appeal. Over the next six months, we anticipate these ripple effects will expand to at least five additional communities, embedding a culture of proactive disease prevention and reinforcing women’s roles as health stewards. Contributing to One Health in Malaysia By positioning Indigenous women at the core of zoonotic prevention, “Wash and Watch” offers a scalable blueprint for national policy. Meetings with the Ministry of Health and JAKOA are underway to formalize community-driven surveillance in Malaysia’s official zoonotic preparedness frameworks. Partnerships with NGOs and academic institutions have secured letters of intent for multi-year support, while draft MoUs outline collaboration on future train-the-trainer programs. This convergence of grassroots leadership and policy engagement promises to narrow the persistent gap between health mandates and community practice. Lessons Learned and Good Practices Reflecting on the “Wash and Watch” experience, we discovered that genuine engagement hinges on cultural resonance. In our early workshops, purely technical language and generic hygiene demonstrations fell flat. It was only when facilitators began interweaving Negrito conservation stories drawing parallels between ancestral stewardship of forests and modern disease‐prevention practices those participants truly connected with the material. By framing handwashing and safe food handling as extensions of ancestral wisdom, we turned abstract health messages into tangible community values. Another pivotal insight was the power of peer‐led facilitation. From the outset, we invited Indigenous women not just to attend but to lead role‐plays, guide small‐group discussions, and co‐design activity stations. As these women stepped into co‐trainer roles, attendance and participation soared. Their deep understanding of local norms allowed them to translate concepts into relatable examples, fostering a sense of ownership that proved essential for lasting behavior change. Flexibility in logistics also emerged as a key good practice. When sudden monsoon downpours rendered our open‐air venue unusable, trainees and facilitators sprang into action—relocating equipment, rearranging benches, and preparing village halls for uninterrupted sessions. This collaborative problem‐solving not only kept the curriculum on track but also strengthened communal bonds and demonstrated that health interventions must adapt to environmental realities. Finally, embedding a rigorous, mixed‐methods evaluation framework allowed us to fine‐tune the program in real time. By pairing quantitative pre- and post‐training assessments with qualitative focus group feedback and field observations, we tracked both knowledge gains—such as the 60 percent increase in handwashing frequency—and nuanced shifts in attitudes toward disease surveillance. These insights guided mid-course adjustments to content and delivery, reinforcing the project’s credibility and ensuring its relevance to participants’ lived experiences. Sustaining and Scaling Forward To ensure long-term impact, the ten certified instructors are formalizing village health committees, slated to convene quarterly for refresher drills and peer reviews. A hybrid reporting network—merging SMS alerts with community radio bulletins—is being piloted to bridge connectivity gaps. Academically, UKM is institutionalizing “Wash and Watch” practicums within its One Health modules, ensuring future cohorts carry the torch of community engagement. Meanwhile, policy dialogues aim to embed this grassroots surveillance model into national planning documents, backed by budgetary provisions for equipment and ongoing training. Through these layered strategies community, academic, and policy, the project is charting a sustainable, scalable path for Indigenous women to remain guardians of Malaysia’s communal health. Conclusion The “Wash and Watch” project has demonstrated that effective zoonotic disease prevention emerges when science, tradition, and leadership converge. By transforming 30 Negrito women into peer instructors, embedding surveillance networks, and engaging policy stakeholders, we have not only mitigated immediate risks but also built a replicable, enduring framework for One Health resilience. As these Indigenous guardians continue to champion hygiene and early detection, they stand as living proof that community-driven solutions are our strongest defense against emerging health threats both in Malaysia and beyond. Team Leader: Assoc. Prof. Dr Azlizan Mat Enh, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Team Member: Professor Dr. Hidayatulfathi Othman, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Professor Dr. Fazal Mohamed Mohamed Sultan, Universiti

Along Thailand’s northern frontier, remote hill‐tribe villages and health‐promoting hospitals grapple with hard‐to‐reach terrain, limited laboratory infrastructure, and a heavy burden of zoonotic diseases. Recognizing this vulnerability, the Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research at Mae Fah Luang University launched a SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training Awards project. Under the leadership of Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tawatchai Apidechkul, we sought to transform frontline capacity by blending epidemiology, environmental science, veterinary insights, and community engagement into a comprehensive, five-day training—ultimately equipping district health officers and hospital staff to detect, investigate, and control threats where human, animal, and environmental health converge. Project Implementation Journey Our journey began with a joint needs assessment conducted in collaboration with the Chiang Rai Provincial Public Health Office, six district health offices, and twenty health-promoting hospitals. Drawing on this consultation, we assembled an interdisciplinary faculty—epidemiologists, environmental health experts, veterinarians, and laboratory scientists to co-design a curriculum that mirrored real‐world challenges. Curriculum development took place over May and June 2024, during which our team held weekly workshops to refine learning objectives and materials. We faced inevitable obstacles: several invited speakers proved unavailable on original dates, prompting us to tap into local networks and invite additional experts from the Department of Livestock Development and Faculty of Medicine at Chiang Mai University. Financial hiccups also arose when SEAOHUN disbursements were delayed; the CEHR team promptly bridged funding gaps with internal resources, ensuring no interruption to our timeline. By early July, we had recruited 27 fellows (20 female, 7 male) from sub-district and district levels based on clear selection criteria: at least two years of experience in disease investigation and a bachelor’s degree in health sciences. A pilot workshop in Nong Saeb Village tested our Epicollect questionnaires and environmental sampling protocols, leading to minor adjustments in field exercise plans. Building One Health Expertise From 1–5 July 2024 at Phufa Waree Chiang Rai Resort, participants dived into morning lectures on One Health principles, epidemiological methods, and key zoonoses scrub typhus, leptospirosis, and emerging viral threats. Afternoons alternated between: Laboratory Demonstrations: Microscopic identification of Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex mosquitoes; intestinal parasite examinations in human and animal stools; water quality assessments using portable test kits; and microbial contamination checks in food samples. Field Exercises: Small‐group data collection in village households, engaging local health volunteers to map livestock exposures and water sources. Data Analysis Workshops: Hands-on training in SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics, culminating in each team presenting a mini-analysis of One Health datasets. These activities were never abstract; they sprang from case studies drawn directly from our midterm findings on hill-tribe health research and the COVID-19 response, grounding theory in frontline realities. When a mid-week power outage threatened to derail our microscopy session, the group simply migrated outdoors under lanterns. Far from stalling progress, the impromptu “lantern circle” deepened peer learning, as trainees shared their own parasite‐control experiences a testament to adaptability and community solidarity. Measurable Gains and Evaluations Pre- and post-training tests demonstrated dramatic improvements: average scores surged from 26.00 (SD 5.16) to 42.19 (SD 6.49) out of 50 (t = 15.41, p < 0.001), confirming significant knowledge acquisition. Participant feedback rated the relevance of field exercises and interdisciplinary discussions highest, with many noting newfound confidence in designing surveillance protocols and risk communication plans. The training report recorded 37 total attendees including two facilitators, eight organizers, and observers highlighting broad institutional engagement. Age breakdown showed 15 participants under 30, fostering vibrant intergenerational exchanges alongside seasoned public health officers. Embedding One Health into Education and Practice To cement sustainability, we integrated the five-day curriculum as a three-credit elective in MFU’s Bachelor of Public Health program. Starting next semester, over 100 students, including 30% international will train in the same laboratory, field, and analysis modules, ensuring the ripple effect extends beyond current fellows. Simultaneously, we established a dedicated LINE group and scheduled annual follow-up workshops to maintain peer support, troubleshoot implementation challenges, and update materials based on evolving disease patterns. Ripple Effect in Border Communities Already, alumni have partnered with village health volunteers to standardize water sampling and collaborate with livestock officers on pasture management measures to curb leptospirosis spikes during monsoons. In one district, rapid detection of a dengue cluster triggered coordinated vector control and risk communication, likely averting a larger outbreak. These early wins underscore how district-level capacity building cascades into community resilience. Lessons and Insights Our experience revealed that anchoring training in locally generated data transformed abstract concepts into urgent imperatives. Fellows were galvanized by prevalences such as 70% positivity in environmental samples prompting swift adoption of control measures. Flexibility emerged as equally critical: whether adjusting schedules for speaker availability or relocating labs due to infrastructure hiccups, agile management kept momentum alive and fostered collective problem-solving. Multi-sector engagement proved foundational: from village chiefs to provincial directors, involving stakeholders from Day 1 ensured that training outcomes translated into concrete policy and budget commitments. Establishing ongoing communication channels through digital platforms and scheduled check-ins has kept the network vibrant, turning a single workshop into a living, evolving One Health community of practice. Looking Ahead As we draft a manuscript to share our curriculum and impact data, we are also preparing budget proposals with Chiang Rai authorities to secure recurring funding for One Health training in the 2025 fiscal year. Mid-2025 follow-up visits will assess long-term trends in surveillance practices, outbreak response times, and community health indicators ensuring that our model remains both evidence-driven and community-centered. Conclusion Our SEAOHUN-supported initiative has not only elevated individual competencies but also seeded a durable One Health ecosystem along Thailand’s most vulnerable borderlands. By weaving rigorous science with community wisdom and embedding the curriculum into academic programs, we offer a replicable blueprint for resilience, one that empowers trainees to become leaders, institutions to commit resources, and communities to safeguard their own health for generations to come. Project Leader: Dr. Tawatchai Apidechkul – Director, Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand Team Members: • Dr. Thapakorn Ruanjai – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Woottichai Nachaiwieng – Biomedical Science, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Anuwat Aunkham – Environmental Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Jongkon Saising – Biomedical Science, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Puckavadee Somwang – School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Nawarat Ninprapha – DVM, FETP, Department of Livestock Development, Nan Province • Dr. Phitsanuruk Kanthawee – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Dr. Pamornsri Inchon – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Mr. Anusorn Udplong – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Ms. Thanatchaporn Mulikaburt – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Mr. Ratipark Tamornpark – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Mr. Panupong Upala – Biomedical Science, Mae Fah Luang University • Ms. Chalitar Chomchoei – Public Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Mr. Chaloemphan Kaewkanta – Occupational Health, Mae Fah Luang University • Ms. Fartima Yeemard – Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research • Ms. Buathanya Srikua – Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research • Mr. Manasawin Kampun – Center of Excellence for the Hill Tribe Health Research

In early 2024, our multidisciplinary team convened with a shared conviction: no Filipino should defer essential medical care because of distance, cost, or clinic overcrowding. Inspired by a caregiver’s account of a missing follow-up visit—skipped because of prohibitive bus fares—we embarked on a journey under the SEAOHUN One Health Research and Training (OHRT) Awards Program. Our goal was audacious yet clear: develop Medee , a mobile-first telehealth platform that would bring high-quality consultations, diagnostics, and culturally relevant health education directly into the hands of families across every island and barangay. Project Implementation Journey Long before funding arrived, we sketched Medee on a whiteboard, fueled by coffee and determination. Early brainstorming sessions charted the core features: seamless video calls, encrypted messaging, e-prescriptions, and bite-sized learning modules on topics from dengue prevention to maternal health. Once funded in May 2024, we formalized weekly “innovation sprints.” Clinicians, engineers, content creators, and legal advisors gathered—sometimes past midnight—to prototype new ideas, test workflows, and draft compliance protocols. By July, core teleconsultation features and One Health modules for infection tracking and community risk communication had passed internal alpha testing, laying the groundwork for broader deployment. Piloting with People: The Beta Experience The true turning point came in October 2024, when we launched Medee’s beta program with three volunteer physicians and 300 patients spanning Metro Manila, Batangas, and Nueva Ecija. We guided participants through installation via simple chat instructions on Messenger, ensuring that even first-time smartphone users could navigate the app. Consultation bookings, follow-up reminders, and interactive quizzes on preventive measures all unfolded within a single interface. One early user shared at dawn, “I spoke with a doctor before sunrise—my grandmother followed her instructions perfectly,” while a physician partner reported, “The dashboard flagged a cluster of flu-like cases in Barangay San Miguel—information I’d never receive so quickly through traditional channels”. Collecting both quantitative metrics and personal narratives, we uncovered patterns that informed rapid enhancements. Low-bandwidth video buffering issues were resolved with an adaptive bitrate algorithm. Content originally drafted in English was translated and voice-overed into Tagalog for greater accessibility. Within weeks, user satisfaction scores rose above 90%, and retention rates outpaced comparable telehealth pilots regionally. Strengthening One Health Expertise Beyond technical milestones, Medee became a crucible for One Health capacity building. Our data-science team refined algorithms to forecast peak consultation hours, enabling proactive clinician scheduling. Simultaneously, our legal advisors guided us through the intricacies of the Philippine Data Privacy Act, crafting protocols that assured users their personal and health information would be safeguarded at every step. In our weekly “clinical-tech huddles,” software engineers gained firsthand insights into epidemiological priorities, while doctors learned to interpret real-time analytics dashboards. This cross-pollination yielded a team fluent in both code and case management, poised to mentor future cohorts of One Health professionals in universities and health departments nationwide. Anticipating Impact & Scaling Forward With promising pilot results in hand, we are now charting Medee’s expansion across the archipelago. Over the next six months, we plan to introduce the platform to underserved communities in the Visayas and Mindanao, targeting over 1,000 active users. Partnerships with municipal health offices will enable us to share anonymized trend dashboards, empowering local officials to detect disease outbreaks in near real-time and deploy resources more efficiently. Concurrently, we are collaborating with the National University–Manila and other institutions to embed Medee’s case studies into public health, veterinary, and environmental science curricula. By integrating hands-on digital health experience into academic programs, we aim to cultivate a new generation of One Health innovators equipped to tackle complex health challenges with interdisciplinary solutions. Key Lessons & Good Practices Our Medee journey yielded insights applicable to any technology-driven health initiative. First, build flexibility into timelines: typhoons, app-store review delays, and shifting regulatory guidelines all underscored the need for generous schedule buffers. Second, lead with empathy: by engaging community leaders and caregivers early—listening to their stories of hardship and resilience—we ensured Medee’s features addressed genuine needs rather than theoretical use cases. Third, anchor innovation in human narratives: a grandmother’s healing from a timely teleconsultation or a barangay captain spotting a flu cluster became touchpoints that kept our work grounded and motivated. These guiding principles have shaped our roadmap for Medee’s next chapters and will inform broader One Health initiatives across Southeast Asia. Conclusion Medee stands as a testament to what can be achieved when technology, collaboration, and compassion converge. By democratizing access to healthcare, streamlining data-driven decision-making, and fostering interdisciplinary expertise, we have turned smartphones into powerful tools for community resilience. As health threats evolve, so must our responses. We invite fellow One Health champions to embrace technology with empathy, listen deeply to the communities they serve, and forge partnerships across disciplines. Together, we can build a more resilient, inclusive, and responsive healthcare system for all Filipinos—one tap at a time. Project Leader: Wins C. Esteban – Assistant Professor, National University–Manila, Philippines Team Members: Sydney Joi Agcaoili – Engineering Lead, Software Development and Systems Integration, Milkdromeda PH / Coltrain.io , Philippines Tessalonica Priela – Clinical Operations Lead, Clinical Compliance and Product Ideation, Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center / ManilaMed / Fe Del Mundo Medical Center, Philippines Gabriel Napilot – Product Design and Quality Assurance Lead, Branding and UX Strategy, GN Studio / GreauxDigital USA / TechTribe AU / Titan Power Plus UK, Philippines